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题目

Among the following main engines, ____ is most widely employed on board ship.A. diesel engineB. nuclear power plantC. gas turbineD. steam engine

Among the following main engines, ____ is most widely employed on board ship.

A. diesel engine

B. nuclear power plant

C. gas turbine

D. steam engine

题目解答

答案

A. diesel engine

解析

本题考查船舶主机类型的相关知识以及对不同类型主机在船舶上应用广泛程度的了解。解题思路是分析每个选项所代表的主机类型的特点和在船舶应用中的实际情况,从而找出最广泛应用的主机类型。

  • 选项A:diesel engine(柴油机)
    • 柴油机具有热效率高、功率范围广、可靠性高、维护相对简单等优点。它可以使用多种燃料,包括重油,重油价格相对较低,能降低船舶的运营成本。
    • 其结构相对紧凑,适合不同大小和类型的船舶,从小型渔船到大型集装箱船、油轮等都广泛使用柴油机作为主机。
  • 选项B:nuclear power plant(核电站)
    • 虽然核动力在一些大型舰艇(如核潜艇、航空母舰)上有应用,但由于核燃料的特殊性,存在安全风险和核废料处理等问题。
    • 建设和维护核电站的成本极高,而且受到国际法规和安全标准的严格限制,所以在普通民用船舶上几乎不使用。
  • 选项C:gas turbine(燃气轮机)
    • 燃气轮机具有启动快、功率密度大等优点,但它的燃油消耗率高,运行成本较大。
    • 通常用于一些对速度要求较高的特殊船舶,如高速巡逻艇、水翼船等,应用范围相对较窄。
  • 选项D:steam engine(蒸汽机)
    • 蒸汽机是早期船舶的主要动力装置,但它的热效率低、体积庞大、维护复杂。
    • 随着技术的发展,蒸汽机逐渐被更先进的动力装置所取代,现在在船舶上已经很少使用。

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