题目
单选12. Benjamin Friedman argues that lengthy periods of economic decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive.According to Benjamin, long economic downturns tend to make society _.A. more open and welcoming to different groupsB. less hostile toward various social groupsC. narrower in mind and less acceptingD. more willing to protect minority rights
单选
12. Benjamin Friedman argues that lengthy periods of economic decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive.
According to Benjamin, long economic downturns tend to make society _.
A. more open and welcoming to different groups
B. less hostile toward various social groups
C. narrower in mind and less accepting
D. more willing to protect minority rights
题目解答
答案
题目分析
首先,我们需要理解题干中的关键信息:
- 原句: "Benjamin Friedman argues that lengthy periods of economic decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive."
- 关键词解析:
- lengthy periods of economic decline:长期的经济衰退(即题目中的 "long economic downturns")。
- more mean-spirited:更刻薄、心胸更狭窄(对应 "narrower in mind")。
- less inclusive:包容性更差、更少包容(对应 "less accepting")。
题目要求根据 Benjamin 的观点,长期的经济衰退会使社会变得怎样。我们需要在选项中找到与 "more mean-spirited and less inclusive" 意思最相近的表达。
选项分析
-
A. more open and welcoming to different groups
- 含义: 对不同群体更开放、更欢迎。
- 分析: 这与 "less inclusive"(更少包容)的意思完全相反,因此排除。
-
B. less hostile toward various social groups
- 含义: 对各种社会群体的敌意更少。
- 分析: "less hostile"(更少敌意)与 "more mean-spirited"(更刻薄、更具敌意)意思相反,因此排除。
-
C. narrower in mind and less accepting
- 含义: 思想更狭隘,更少接受(包容)。
- 分析: "narrower in mind" 对应 "more mean-spirited"(心胸狭窄),"less accepting" 对应 "less inclusive"(更少包容)。这与原句的意思完全一致。
-
D. more willing to protect minority rights
- 含义: 更愿意保护少数群体的权利。
- 分析: 保护少数群体权利属于 "inclusive"(包容)的表现,而原句指出经济衰退会使社会 "less inclusive",因此该选项也与原意相反,排除。
结论
通过对比,只有 C 选项 准确表达了 "more mean-spirited and less inclusive" 的含义。
正确答案:C. narrower in mind and less accepting
解析
本题考查对句子含义的理解以及对选项内容与原文意思匹配度的判断。解题思路是先明确题干中关键语句所表达的核心意思,再逐一分析每个选项与该核心意思是否相符。
- 题干中关键语句 “Benjamin Friedman argues that lengthy periods of economic decline have almost always left society more mean - spirited and less inclusive.” 表明,长期的经济衰退会让社会变得更刻薄、心胸更狭窄且包容性更差。
- 选项A:“more open and welcoming to different groups” 意思是对不同群体更开放、更欢迎,这与原文中 “less inclusive”(更少包容)的意思完全相反,所以该选项不符合要求,予以排除。
- 选项B:“less hostile toward various social groups” 表示对各种社会群体的敌意更少,而原文是 “more mean - spirited”(更刻薄、更具敌意),二者意思相反,因此该选项也不正确,排除。
- 选项C:“narrower in mind and less accepting” 即思想更狭隘,更少接受(包容),“narrower in mind” 对应 “more mean - spirited”(心胸狭窄),“less accepting” 对应 “less inclusive”(更少包容),与原文意思完全一致,该选项正确。
- 选项D:“more willing to protect minority rights” 是更愿意保护少数群体的权利,保护少数群体权利属于 “inclusive”(包容)的表现,与原文中经济衰退使社会 “less inclusive” 意思相反,所以该选项也不符合,排除。