题目
单选题 20/20 (5分)设overrightarrow(alpha_{1)}=(1,-1,2,-1),overrightarrow(alpha_{2)}=(-2,2,3,2),overrightarrow(alpha_{3)},试判断=(1,2,0,-1),overrightarrow(alpha_{4)}=(1,0,0,1)向量组overrightarrow(alpha_{1)},overrightarrow(alpha_{2)},overrightarrow(alpha_{3)},overrightarrow(alpha_{4)}是否为正交向量组.A. 是B. 不是
单选题 20/20 (5分)
设$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}=(1,-1,2,-1),\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}=(-2,2,3,2),\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}},$试判断
$=(1,2,0,-1),\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=(1,0,0,1)$
向量组$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$是否为正交向量组.
A. 是
B. 不是
题目解答
答案
A. 是
解析
本题考查正交向量组的定义及向量内积的计算。解题思路是根据正交向量组的定义,判断向量组中任意两个不同向量的内积是否都为$0$,若都为$0$,则该向量组为正交向量组,否则不是。
下面我们来依次计算向量组$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$中任意两个不同向量的内积:
- 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}=(1,-1,2,-1)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}=(-2,2,3,2)$,根据向量内积的坐标运算公式$\overrightarrow{a}=(x_1,y_1,z_1,w_1)$,$\overrightarrow{b}=(x_2,y_2,z_2,w_2)$,则$\overrightarrow{a}\cdot\overrightarrow{b}=x_1x_2 + y_1y_2 + z_1z_2 + w_1w_2$,可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}=1\times(-2)+(-1)\times2 + 2\times3 + (-1)\times2$
$=-2 - 2 + 6 - 2$
$=0$ - 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}=(1,-1,2,-1)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}=(1,2,0,-1)$,同理可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}=1\times1+(-1)\times2 + 2\times0 + (-1)\times(-1)$
$=1 - 2 + 0 + 1$
$=0$ - 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}=(1,-1,2,-1)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=(1,0,0,1)$,同理可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=1\times1+(-1)\times0 + 2\times0 + (-1)\times1$
$=1 + 0 + 0 - 1$
$=0$ - 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}=(-2,2,3,2)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}=(1,2,0,-1)$,同理可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}=(-2)\times1+2\times2 + 3\times0 + 2\times(-1)$
$=-2 + 4 + 0 - 2$
$=0$ - 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}=(-2,2,3,2)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=(1,0,0,1)$,同理可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=(-2)\times1+2\times0 + 3\times0 + 2\times1$
$=-2 + 0 + 0 + 2$
$=0$ - 计算$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$:
已知$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}=(1,2,0,-1)$,$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=(1,0,0,1)$,同理可得:
$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}}\cdot\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}=1\times1+2\times0 + 0\times0 + (-1)\times1$
$=1 + 0 + 0 - 1$
$=0$
由于向量组$\overrightarrow{\alpha_{1}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{2}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{3}},\overrightarrow{\alpha_{4}}$中任意两个不同向量的内积都为$0$,所以该向量组是正交向量组。