temptationA. n.几率；胜算B. n.引诱C. n.侮辱；辱骂D. adj.先前的；之前的；事先的

intimateA. vt.证明；展示B. a.古怪的；奇异的C. n.废物；垃圾；废弃D. adj.亲密的；私人的

crucialA. adj.重要的；决定性的B. ad.有点儿；有几分C. vt.把……装入桶内D. n.忍受

After my first few trips, I found myself returning homeless and less satisfied. Sure, I could boast about a unique ____21____ tour and show off some cool pictures on my social networking site, but what had I really gained? I began to be ____22____ and suspicious.Everyone likes to talk about how travel, thanks to the ____23____ world, broadens our horizons and enriches our lives, but it's easy to forget that this isn't the "default (默认) setting" for your average summer vacation. A really meaningful trip takes some thought and, usually, a little work as well. Snapping selfies (自拍) in front of a beautiful temple isn't going to help you improve your ____24____ skills, and running from one restaurant to another isn't going to teach you the meaning of life. All too often, we get lost in traveling for its own sake right from the ____25____ and forget why we headed out to explore the world in the first place.21.A. globalizedB. cognitiveC. perplexedD. compriseE. onsetF. perpetuatedG. tribesH. comprehendI. instinctiveJ. feastedK. ethnicL. multinational

commodityA. adj.多重的；多样的B. n.感激（之情）C. n.商品，货物D. vt.提高；改进；增强

In recent years，a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy， including our eating environment and our perception（感知） of the food in front of us. Studies have shown， for instance， that eating in front of the TV （or a similar distraction）can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues， like plate size and lighting， have been shown to affect portion size and consumption. A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal，people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them - in other words， how much they remembered eating. This difference suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal， says Jeffrey M.Brunstrom， a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. "Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says， "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought." These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body's response to the food itself. In a 2011 study， for instance， people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones， depending on whether the shake's label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover， the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calories shake. What does this mean for our eating habits？Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less， the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite， Brunstrom says.（1）What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake？ ____ A. How we perceive the food we eat.B. What ingredients the food contains.C. When we eat our meals.D. How fast we eat our meals.（2）What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal？ ____ A. You would probably be more picky about food.B. You would not feel like eating the same food.C. You would have a good appetite.D. You would not feel so hungry.（3）What do we learn from the 2011 study？ ____ A. Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B. Food labels may influence our body's response to food.C. Hunger levels depend on one's consumption of calories.D. People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.（4）What is the main idea of the passage？ ____ A. Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.B. Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.C. Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.D. Good eating habits will contribute to our health.

vt.授予;允许;承认vi.同意n.拨款;[法]授予物A. grantB. gutC. generateD. generalization

Directions:Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on The Necessity of Mental Health Education for College Students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.很多大学开设了心理健康课或配备了专职心理咨询老师;2.请阐述产生这一现象的原因以及大学生心理健康教育的必要性;3.请表达你的看法。

Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 The Place Where the Poor Once Thrived A)This is the land of opportunity. If that weren't already implied by the landscape-rolling green hills, palm trees, sun-kissed flowers--then it's evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success. People like Tri Tran, who fled Vietnam on a boat in 1986. showed up in San Jose with nothing, made it to MIT, and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery, which is valued at 300 millionB) Indeed, data suggests that this is one of the best places to grow up poor in America. A child born in the early 1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a 12.9 percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult, according to a landmark study released in 2014 by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley. That number-12.9 percent--may not seem remarkable, but it was: Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile (五分位数) of income nationally had the best shot in the country reaching the top quintile.C) By contrast. just 4.4 percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top; in Detroit the figure was 5.5 percent. San Jose had social mobility comparable to Denmark's and Canada's and higher than other progressive cities such as Boston and MinneapolisD) The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious. Some of the world's most innovative companies are located here, providing opportunities such as the one seized by a 12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job. This is a city of immigrants--38 percent of the city's population today is foreign-born-and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America. The city has long had a large foreign-born population (26.5 percent in 1990), leading to broader diversity, which, the Harvard and Berkeley economists say, is a good predictor of mobility.E) Indeed, the streets of San Jose seem, in some ways, to embody the best of America. It's possible to drive in a matter of minutes from sleek (光亮的) office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors, to single-family homes with orange trees in their yards, or to a Vietnamese mall. The libraries here offer programs in 17 languages, and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants Mexican immigrants. Korean immigrants, and Filipino immigrants to name a few.F) But researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well. The city has a low prevalence of children growing up in single-parent families, and a low level of concentrated poverty, both factors that usually mean a city allows for good inter generational mobility. But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility. It is one of the most unequal places out of the 741 that the researchers measured, and it has high degrees of racial and economic segregation (隔离). Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area, said Ben Scuderi, a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard, which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children. "There's a lot going on here which we don't totally understand," he said. "It's interesting, because it kind of defies our expectations."G) The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born in the San Jose area of the 1980s. Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today, though, is up for debate. Some of the indicators such as income inequality, measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the year 2000, have only worsened in the past l6 yearsH) Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years, upward mobility has become much more difficult to achieve. As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies. the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket. By most measures, San Jose is no longer a place where low-income. or even middle-income families. can afford to live. Rents in San Jose grew 42.6 percent between 2006 and 2014, which was the largest increase in the country during that time period. The city has a growing homelessness problem, which it tried to address by shutting down "The Jungle," one of the largest homeless encampments (临时居住地) in the nation, in 2014. Inequality is extreme: The Human Development Index- a measure of life expectancy, education and per capita (人均的) income gives East San Jose a score of 4.85 out of 10, while nearby Cupertino, where Apple's headquarters sits, receives a 9.26. San Jose used to have a happy mix of factors- cheap housing, closeness to a rapidly developing industry, tightly-knit immigrant communities-that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents. But in recent years, housing prices have skyrocketed, the region's rich and poor have segregated, and middle-class jobs have disappeared. Given this, the future for the region's poor doesn't look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as a place where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed. With Silicon Valley in its backyard, it certainly has the chance to do so. "I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success," San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today's America--a land of rising inequality, increasing segregation, and stagnating (不增长的) middle-class wages- can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?K) The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America's ideas about itself. That such mobility has become more difficult in San Jose raises questions about the endurance of that foundational belief. After all, if the one-time land of opportunity can't be fixed, what does that say for the rest of America?1. According to some people living in San Jose, it has become much harder for the poor to get ahead due to the increased inequality.2. In American history, immigrants used to have a good chance to move upward in society.3. If the problems of San Jose can't be solved, one of America's fundamental beliefs about itself can be shaken.4. San Jose was among the best cities in America for poor kids to move up the social ladder.5. Whether poor kids in San Jose today still have the chance to move upward is questionable.6. San Jose's officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessary for success in life.7. San Jose appears to manifest some of the best features of America.8. As far as social mobility is concerned, San Jose beat many other progressive cities in America.9. Due to some changes like increases in housing prices in San Jose, the prospects for its poor people have dimmed.10. Researchers do not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved such great success several decades ago.

单选题(4.0分)2.Read the excerpt below from an Introduction section of an academic article, andpoint out the function of the sentence in brackets.“Most previous studies on academic dishonesty have relied primarily on self-reports ofcheating behaviors. (The present study includes an empirical portion in whichparticipants are put in a situation in which cheating may be to their advantage.) Ihypothesize that participants would be most likely to cheat when they are offered amonetary reward for success. The purpose of the study is to investigate participants'attitudes towards cheating and the effects of academic motivation, self-efficacy andacademic integrity on cheating behaviors.”A. Hypothesis of the present study.B. Objective of the present study.C. Limitation of previous studies.D. Methodology of the present study.