As a result of President Bush's reform, retired people may have________ During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback — a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added-worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner. During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen — and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent — and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance — have jumped eightfold in just one generation. From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.A、a higher sense of security.B、less secured payments.C、less chance to invest.D、a guaranteed future.

Dear Mr . Wang Gang. Thank you for your recent application for the vacancy of___1 _ . I am pleased to ___ 2 _ you that we have decided to invite you for an interview at ___3 _ at 10 a . m . next Sunday __ 4 _ 2023 . Looking __5 _ to meeting you . Yours sin cerely Li Ming 请选择对应的匹配项 ( a ) inform ( b ) 123 White - Avenue ( c ) sales manager ( d ) August 14 th ( e ) forward

Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career. 1. Normally a student would at least attend __________classes each week. A) 36 B) 12 C) 20 D) 15 2. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed _______. A) to live in a different university B) to take a particular course in a different university C) to live at home and drive to classes D) to get two degrees from two different universities 3. American university students are usually under pressure of work because_________. A) their academic performance will affect their future careers B) they are heavily involved in student affairs C) they have to observe university discipline D) they want to run for positions of authority 4.Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_________. A) they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study B) they will then be able to stay longer in the university C) such positions help them get better jobs D) such positions are usually well paid 5. The student organizations seem to be effective in _________. A) dealing with the academic affairs of the university B) ensuring that the students observe university regulations C) evaluating students’ performance by bringing them before a court D) keeping up the students’ enthusiasm for social activities

I’ve been telling her time and again that we can’t ______ another holiday,but she won’t listen.A. spendB. saveC. affordD. stress

【题文】Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”. Before the nineteen century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured. It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings (测深) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea. The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.【小题1】The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on ______.A．an academic aspectB．a business aspectC．a military aspectD．an international aspect【小题2】It was ______ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.A．the company which proposed to lay an undersea cableB．some early intercontinental travelersC．those who earned a living from the seaD．the American Navy【小题3】The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was ______.A．to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB．to collect samples of sea plants and animalsC．to measure the depths of the two oceansD．to estimate the length of cable that was needed【小题4】“Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “______”.A．doubtedB．challengedC．gave proof toD．agreed to【小题5】This passage is mainly about ______.A．the early intercontinental communicationsB．the laying of the first undersea cableC．the investigation of ocean depthsD．the beginnings of oceanography

ANormally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester(学期). A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows, a student is given a grade, which is recorded and the record is available for the student to show to potential employers. All this imposes (增加) a constant pressure and stress of work, but in spite of this, some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating, has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.Normally a student would at least attend classes each week.A.36B.12C.20D.15According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed .A.to live in a different universityB.to change permanently his or her universityC.to live at home and drive to classesD.to take a particular course in a different universityAmerican university students are usually under pressure of work because .A.their academic performance will affect their future careersB.they are heavily involved in student affairsC.they have to obey university rulesD.they want to run for positions of authoritySome students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because .A.they hate the constant pressure and stress of their studyB.they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC.such positions help them get better jobsD.such positions are usually well paidThe student organizations seem to be effective in .A.dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB.ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC.evaluating students' performance by bringing them before a courtD.keeping up the students' enthusiasm for social activities

6. As an international company, ABC Group has been in business for over 50 years .A 作为一家国际化的公司, ABC 集团已经有五十多年的经营历史。 B 作为一家公司 ，ABC 集团已经有五十多年的经营历史 。C 作为一家国际化的公司， ABC 队伍已经有五十多年的经营历史。

B Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story. It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from "ugly" (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, "if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world." If that's hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don't think. "Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat," Curtin says.1. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A: We pay little attention to food waste.B: We waste food unintentionally at times.C: We waste more vegetables than meat.D: We have good reasons for wasting food.2. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A: Moral decline.B: Environmental harm.C: Energy shortage.D: Workdwide starvation.3. What does Curtin's company do?A: It produces kitchen equipment.B: It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C: It helps local farmers grow fruits.D: It makes meals out of unwanted food.4. What does Curtin suggest people do?A: Buy only what is needed.B: Reduce food consumption.C: Go shopping once a week.D: Eat in restaurants less often.

The patient screamed in his sleep last night. He ______ a terrible dream.A. must have beenB. must haveC. must beD. must have had

7、These jobs can be the perfect fit for you if you are looking for a job within a growing company.A 如果你想在蓬勃发展的公司寻找一个职位的话，我们提供的工作将非常完美。B 如果你想在公司寻找一个职位的话，我们提供的工作将非常适合。C 如果你想在蓬勃发展的公司寻找一个职位的话，我们提供的工作将非常适合。