"Does my smile look big in this？" Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look---and hence feel---happier， encouraging you to like what you see． That's the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan． The system can manipulate， or in other word， control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face． The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones---that laughter comes before happiness， rather than the other way around---is a well-established idea． The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel． The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face---as if they were looking in a mirror． The image is then subtly altered with software， turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes， so that the person appears to smile or frown． Without telling them the aim of the study， the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task． When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt． When the faces on screen appeared to smile， people reported that they felt happier． On the other hand， when the image was given a sad expression， they reported feeling less happy． Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their preferences． Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image． The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing were less likely． The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products， say the researchers． For example， mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections． They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on． "It's certainly an interesting area，" says Chris Creed at the university of Birmingham， UK． But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab， because people will use a wide range of expressions． "Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging．" He says． Of course， there are also important moral people questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology． "You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing？" says Creed． "But I can image that many people may feel manipulated， uncomfortable and cheated if they found out．"（1）What's the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System？ ____ A． To see whether one's feeling can be unconsciously affected．B． To see whether one's facial expressions can be altered．C． To manipulate one's feelings when he or she is shopping．D． To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms．（2）According to the passage， the web-camera image in the study ____ ．A． gave the volunteers a false imageB． recorded the volunteers' performance in the taskC． attempted to make the volunteers feel happierD． beautified the volunteers' appearance in the mirror（3）What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology？ ____ A． It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes．B． It only works in clothing stores to attract shoppers．C． It only makes subtle changes to people's expressions．D． It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions．（4）Creed's comment on the moral issues with this technology implies ____ ．A． nothing is more important than happinessB． technology is unable to manipulate peopleC． people should make their decisions independentlyD． people should neglect the harm of the technology

“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look ─ and hence feel ─ happier, encouraging you to like what you see. That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other word, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face. The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones ─ that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around ─ is a well-established idea. The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face ─ as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉). Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited (招募) 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely. The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on. “It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says. Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.” 【小题】(1) 61．What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A.To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected. B.To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered. C.To see whether laughter comes before happiness. D.To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms. 【小题】(2) 62．What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study? A.It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task. B.It gave the volunteers a false image. C.It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier. D.It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror. 【小题】(3) 63．What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology? A.It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes. B.It only works in clothing stores. C.It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions. D.It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions. 【小题】(4) 64．What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply? A.Nothing is more important than happiness. B.Technology is unable to manipulate people. C.People should make their decisions independently. D.People should neglect the harm of the technology.

37.(单选题)The government has failed to deal with the _ of homelessness.A. sandalB. screenC. scandalD. scatter

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.collaborate cognitive retain intuitive discern refrain extinction institutional robustconfine5. For many patients, especially those with chronic conditions, ______ care is often the most suitable and beneficial option.6. To ensure the system's reliability, the engineers designed a(n) ______ architecture capable of handling large amounts of data and resisting potential cyber threats without compromising performance.7. Researchers must ______ from using biased data in AI training to ensure fair, unbiased, and accurate machine learning models in various applications.8. Teachers must ______ the individual learning needs of their students in order to tailor their teaching strategies effectively and provide the necessary scaffolding for each student's success.9. We sense ______ that no one is in a position to tell the story of a life, perhaps not even the subject, and this has been proved by the history of biography.

Which of the following statements about the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is correct?A. ESR is mainly used to diagnose heart diseases.B. The normal ESR value is exact the same for men and women.C. ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube over time.D. A lower ESR always indicates good health.

Secret codes(密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__(1)___Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.__(2)___For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" spell out the hidden message "Meet me." __(3)___You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5." A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.__(4)___For example, "bridge" might stand for "me." The message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me."__(5)___However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. (1)A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.(2)A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.(3)A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.(4)A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.(5)A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

阅读理解〔共15小题,每题2分,计30分〕阅读以下容,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最正确答案。A31. If a visitor wants a main course but he only has￡5.He doesn’t like cheese. What do you suggest"A. Tomato salad B. Grilled fish and potatoes C. Vegetable pasta D. Chocolate cake32. David and his friend each had tomato soup and Thai chicken and rice. How much did they pay"A.￡7.95 B.￡9.95 C.￡12.5 D.￡15.933. Which of the following sentences is TRUE"A. Lunch is served for two hours and a half. B. Bread and butter es free with the starters.C. The snacks are served with lunch and dinner.D. If you order a snack, you can get an ice cream.BI was 11 years old standing outside in just my underwear while I watched the house that I grew up burning to the ground.A few minutes earlier I was in bed when my grandma’s scream woke me up. A fire had broken out her room and woke her. Hearing her, my older brother jumped into action, running from room to room quickly waking everyone in the house. The house, however, was over 50 years old and made of wood. Before we could do anything, the fire burned it out. Luckily, we all ran outside before the firetook hold of every room.I stood there shivering (发抖). I watched helplessly while my mom cried and my dad sighed (叹气). I wondered what was going to happen to us now that we lost all of our things.The things that matter aren’t things. I saw my older brother running across the bridge near our house to get help. I saw my oldest brother who was on his walking stick standing unsteadily on one leg. I saw my grandma and dad wrapped in each other’s arms and my mom holding our little dog. I realized at that moment that we were all alive. Everything that was meaningful survived the fire. Our lives would continue. We would all be around to love each other for many years to e. And that was all that mattered.I still think of that fire in the night. It helped me to bee who I am today. It showed me for the very first time what is truly meaningful in this life. It helped me to learn that the love we share is far more important than the things we own.Live your life for the things that matter, not for the things you own. Love others. Let the fire inside of you make this world a warmer place.34. FromParagraph1 and Paragraph 2,we can know _________.A. it didn’t take long to burn the house out B. we were all woken by the fireC. the fire happened in an early morning D. all of us tried to put out the fire35. You can put the sentence “As I looked around, though, I realized something for the first time:〞 at the beginning of ________.A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 536. The sentence “The things that matter〞 refers to (指的是) _______ .A. what was going to happen B. the fire burned our house outC. my mom cried and my dad sighed D. we would all stay together37. Which sentence best shows the central theme in the te*t"A. We were helpless because we had lost all of our things.B. Everything that was meaningful had survived the fire.C. The fire helped me to bee the person who I am today.D. The love we share is far more important than what we own.C“Tonight"〞 I was not ready for this.“Tonight,〞 he repeated. “We are a few miles off theSpanish coast. It will be dark, and the wind is blowing in the right direction. You agreed,Dr. Aronna*, to escape〔逃跑〕withme. Remember your promise!〞 I said nothing. “At nineo’clock,〞 continued Ned Land, “I will go to the stairwith Conseil. You will wait in the library for our signal〔信号〕. Ihave already put some food in the dinghy〔小艇〕. Everything is done!〞“The sea is quite rough,〞 I said.“Yes, but if we don’t go tonight, we will soon be too far from land!〞 I knew that he was right. I was also frightened. What would Captain Nemo do if he discovered our plan, or if we failed" I had notseen him for several days. Now, I did not want to see him. He might notice that I was nervous. I stayed in my room as the hours slowly passed.At seven o’clock, I had dinner in my room. Only twohours to go! I was so nervous that I felt sick. I had a headache. I walked up and down in my room. As I looked around, I saw that Captain Nemo’s bedroom door was open. The room was empty.It was eight o’clock, and I went to the dark library. As I waited, I felt a bump as the submarine〔潜水艇〕 came to rest on the ocean floor.The library door opened, and Captain Nemo entered. He told me that we were in Vigo Bay. A Spanish admiral〔海军上将〕had burned his own ships there in 1702 to prevent the British Navy from taking the huge amount of gold they were carrying. He took me to the window. The crew〔船员〕were gathering the gold from the sand andbringing it to the submarine. Now, I knew how CaptainNemo had bee so rich.38.What was NOT a reason Ned Land gave for wanting to escape that night"A. They were close to the Spanish coast.B. The sea was quite rough.C. They would not be found easily. D. The wind was good for them.39. Why did Dr. Aronna* remain in his room"A. He wanted to prepare well for the escape.B. He must have dinner in his room.C. He didn’t want to see Captain Nemo.D. He didn’t want to leave the submarine.40. Which of the following shows the correct order?a. Captain Nemo gathered gold from Vigo Bay.b. Ned asked Dr. Aronna* to escape.c. Ned put some food in the dinghy.d. British Navy was prevented from taking the gold.e. I stayed in the library and waited.A. d-c-b-e-a B. d-b-c-a-e C. e-c-b-a-d D. e-c-d-b-a41. From the passage, we know Dr. Aronna* was _________ that night.A. rela*ed B. hopeful C. patient D. nervousDParrots have been known to repeat words, but have you ever thought how they municate" New research has found that wild parrots are actually given names by their parents.According to a study led by Karl Berg of Cornell University in the US, nestlings (雏鸟) are given a special sound of their own, which stays with them through their lives. In the study, the team placed hidden cameras in the nests of 17 different wild parrots. After studying their sounds, the team found the differences in the calls parents used to municate with each baby parrot. And the baby birds seemed to know the calls.Sounds very similar to humans, doesn’t it"The study also proved that these different calls are made socially not genetically (基因上地).To do this, scientistsswitched the eggs in nine of the 17 nests, so that half of the parrots were raising nestlings that weren’t theirs. Using the recordings, the scientists are sure that the nestlings all used names similar to those the parents (whether biological or non-biological) called them for the first weeks of their lives.Lucie Meil, from National Geographic, said, “this would be the first proven e*ample of a non-human species teaching acoustical (声学的) munication.〞Karl Berg told National Public Radio of the US, “Most people say all those calls are just noise, but I think they’re having conversations.〞Fo* News also asked Berg what else the parrots might be saying. He replied, “They may decide where the food is or if they should go 3 km North-Northwest. These are sorts of arguing or discussing.〞You never know, if the science of animal translation keeps developing, we might one day be watching a reality show about parrots.42.What did Karl Berg and his team find in their study"A. Parents use different sounds to call each baby parrot.B. Parrots can repeat what people say easily.C. Parrots are similar to humans in many ways.D. Each parrot has a special sound for birth.43. What does the underlined word “switched〞 in Paragraph 4 mean"A.旋转 B.交换 C.翻开 D. 选取44. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE"A. Parrots always raise nestlings that weren’t theirs.B. Nestlings used names similar to biological parents only.C. Parrots can teach their babies acoustical munication.D. All those parrots’ calls are not arguments but noise.45. The writer’s attitude towards the study is ________ .A. supportive B. unknown C. neutral(中立的) D. disagreeable第二局部非选择题 (60分)

In plasma solutes, the most abundant substances are ____

Something strange happened when I was 14 years old． Every previous year on Thanksgiving Day I'd woken up early， filled with excitement． But that Thanksgiving， for some reason I saw no reason to celebrate．None of my family were really thankful， I realized． The whole thing was a lie! During the dinner time， I left， hiding in the guest room and cried． My mom came to see what was wrong． "No one is really thankful!" I sobbed， "They just pretend for one day because that's what they're supposed to do!" After I finished talking， she nodded． "You're right，" she told me． "It's fake until you find the truth for yourself．" She said it was my choice whether to celebrate with them or not． She said Thanksgiving is a time to reflect because we don't always get to see loved ones and eat a good meal． Then she left． I didn't listen to her， thinking that every holiday was a lie and I could never find joy celebrating again．But giving in to my starving stomach， I went back to the dining room in a few minutes． I couldn't believe what I saw．My entire extended family was waiting for me with wide smiles and concerned looks， and the table was loaded with untouched plates． "Andy，" my aunt said， "We can't eat without you． We're waiting for your turn． Now you can start it．" I didn't know what to say first． Finally， I said I was thankful for having a younger brother to teach，play with， and see grow． The family shared， and everyone had something beautiful to say． Listening to what they said， I suddenly understood what my mom meant about finding out my own reason for celebrating． For me， this holiday was a chance to pause and reflect on everything I cared about． And with that， I took a huge and satisfying bite of food．（1）Why did the author hide himself and cry on the Thanksgiving Day？ ____ A． Because he got up too late．B． Because he thought the dinner was tasteless．C． Because he thought his family didn't show real thankfulness．D． Because some of his family were absent from the celebration．（2）What can we know about the author's mother according to the text？ ____ A． She was strict with her son．B． She was very understanding．C． She felt disappointed in the author．D． She showed great worry about the author．（3）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to？ ____ A． Making a wish．B． Having dinner．C． Giving a performance．D． Expressing thankfulness．（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ____ A． Love and liesB． My loving motherC． An unforgettable dinnerD． An inspiring Thanksgiving

【题文】You are a German living in Berlin. One day you’ re walk¬ing down the street, minding your own business, when sudden¬ly a stranger comes up with a smile on his face. After stopping you, he holds a small electronic device (装置) close to his face and speaks slowly into it, saying, in English," Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?" What should you do? (a) Run away; (b) Call the police; or (c) Listen closely for the device to say in German," Konnen Sie mir bitte sagen, welches sauerkraut haufen kann?"The most proper answer would be (c) because the person in front of you is only a tourist trying to enjoy himself. The de¬vice is said to be the world’s first portable(便携的) translator — a hand-held microcomputer that at the same time translates one spoken language into another. The four-pound, battery-op¬erated product is called the Voice, and it is the invention of Advanced Products and Technologies, an American electronics company. When the Voice is introduced in the Unite States in late April — at a price of (1,500 — it will be used to trans¬late spoken English into Italian, German, French and Span¬ish. The product comes with separate cartridges(盒式存储器) for each of the four languages, which can be changed when the user travels from one country to another. It will be sold in Eu¬rope soon after the US introduction, with cartridges that trans¬late Italian, German, French and Spanish into English.The Voice uses a microchip(微型集成电路片) to trans¬late languages. It is Started by voice command and produces voice output through a built-in speaker. When the user makes a statement or asks a question, the Voice immediately repeats what has been said in another language.1. The device held by the stranger is probably a kind of________.A. a two-way radio B. language translatorC. easily-carried speaker D. a multi-functioned computer2. What does the last sentence of the first paragraph mean?A. Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?B. Can I ask for some information from the police?C. Would you like to try my device?D. Would you not run away if I ask you where to buy some sauerkraut?3. When the stranger says," Can you tell... sauerkraut?" he is ________.A. learning German from his deviceB. asking you the way to the sauerkraut shopC. making fun of you with his deviceD. testing his device for fun4. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?A. The price of the hand-held microcomputer.B. The function of the product Voice.C. The producer pf the small electronic device.D. The number of the device sold to the European coun¬tries.